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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-15058</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15058</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Статьи</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Optical vernier and its application in angle-measuring instruments</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Оптический нониус и его применение в угломерных инструментах</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Unknown</surname>
            <given-names> </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Unknown</surname>
              <given-names>Н. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Unknown</surname>
              <given-names> </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>pmi@spmi.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru"> (Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en"> (Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="1941-02-19">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>1941</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>1941</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>13</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>13</fpage>
      <lpage>26</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="1939-08-09">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>1939</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="1939-10-18">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>1939</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="1941-02-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>1941</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 1941 Н. А. Unknown</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 1941   Unknown</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>1941</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Н. А. Unknown</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">  Unknown</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15058">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15058</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Оптический нониус имеет простую оптическую схему, легко выполнимую на заводах геодезического инструментостроения, поэтому применение его в теодолитах не встретит затруднений. Теодолиты с оптическим нониусом найдут применение в геодезическом и особенно в маркшейдерском деле. Они дадут возможность повысить качество измерений, удобства и производственную эффективность по сравнению с другими теодолитами, исключая оптические. В маркшейдерском деле теодолиты с оптическим нониусом могут вполне заменить теодолиты заграничные и тем самым сократить их импорт.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The optical vernier is based on the principle of bringing into one plane two diametrically opposite, magnified graduations of the graduated circle. The reading accuracy of an optical vernier is twice as high compared to an ordinary vernier. The eccentricity error is automatically eliminated because diametrically opposite graduations of the graduated circle come into play in the formation of the vernier. A theodolite equipped with an optical vernier can be made in a more compact form than a conventional instrument and is much more convenient to handle, especially for surveying work underground.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>-</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
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