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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/pmi.2020.4.5</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13699</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13699</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Нефтегазовое дело</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Oil and gas</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Barriers to implementation of hydrogen initiatives in the context of global energy sustainable development</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Барьеры реализации водородных инициатив в контексте устойчивого развития глобальной энергетики</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Litvinenko</surname>
            <given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Литвиненко</surname>
              <given-names>В. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Litvinenko</surname>
              <given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>rectorat@spmi.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4295-7535</contrib-id>
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        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Tsvetkov</surname>
            <given-names>Pavel S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Цветков</surname>
              <given-names>П. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tsvetkov</surname>
              <given-names>Pavel S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>pscvetkov@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3049-7893</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Dvoynikov</surname>
            <given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Двойников</surname>
              <given-names>М. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Dvoynikov</surname>
              <given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>dvoinik72@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3798-9938</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Buslaev</surname>
            <given-names>Georgii V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Буслаев</surname>
              <given-names>Г. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Buslaev</surname>
              <given-names>Georgii V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>georbus@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4987-8645</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2020-10-08">
        <day>08</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>244</volume>
      <fpage>428</fpage>
      <lpage>438</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-05-13">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-24">
          <day>24</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2020-10-08">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2020 В. С. Литвиненко, П. С. Цветков, М. В. Двойников, Г. В. Буслаев</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2020 Vladimir S. Litvinenko, Pavel S. Tsvetkov, Mikhail V. Dvoynikov, Georgii V. Buslaev</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">В. С. Литвиненко, П. С. Цветков, М. В. Двойников, Г. В. Буслаев</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vladimir S. Litvinenko, Pavel S. Tsvetkov, Mikhail V. Dvoynikov, Georgii V. Buslaev</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13699">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13699</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Современные тенденции мирового энергетического рынка, связанные с целями устойчивого развития, в ряде случаев приводят к принятию недостаточно обоснованных политических решений. Интенсификация развития возобновляемых источников энергии – экономически спорный, но необходимый шаг с точки зрения социальных и экологических эффектов. Однако последующее развитие водородной инфраструктуры является опасной инициативой. В статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть водород с точки зрения интегральной оценки его характеристик. Проведенные исследования позволили сделать следующие выводы о потенциале широкомасштабного внедрения водорода в энергетику: как химический элемент водород является врагом металлоконструкций, что значительно затрудняет выбор подходящих материалов; физические и объемные характеристики водорода снижают общую эффективность энергосистемы по сравнению с аналогичными углеводородными решениями; водородная экономика не имеет необходимой основы как с точки зрения физической инфраструктуры, так и механизмов рыночного регулирования; появление широкодоступного водорода опасно для общества из-за его высокой горючести. В результате работы был сделан вывод, что существующие пилотные водородные проекты являются позитивными, но не масштабируемыми решениями для энергетического сектора из-за отсутствия технологий для создания крупномасштабной и географически распределенной инфраструктуры, а также проработанной международной системы регулирования отрасли. Таким образом, в текущих условиях риски реализации таких проектов значительно превышают их потенциальные экологические выгоды.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Modern trends in the global energy market linked to the Sustainable Development Goals often lead to the adoption of political decisions with little basis in fact. Stepping up the development of renewable energy sources is an economically questionable but necessary step in terms of its social and ecological effects. However, subsequent development of hydrogen infrastructure is, at the very least, a dangerous initiative. In connection with mentioned above, an attempt to examine hydrogen by conducting an integral assessment of its characteristics has been made in this article. As a result of the research conducted, the following conclusions concerning the potential of the widespread implementation of hydrogen in the power generation sector have been made: as a chemical element, it harms steel structures, which significantly impedes the selection of suitable materials; its physical and volume characteristics decrease the general efficiency of the energy system compared to similar hydrocarbon solutions; the hydrogen economy does not have the necessary foundation in terms of both physical infrastructure and market regulation mechanisms; the emergence of widely available hydrogen poses a danger for society due to its high combustibility. Following the results of the study, it was concluded that the existing pilot hydrogen projects are positive yet not scalable solutions for the power generation sector due to the lack of available technologies to construct large-scale and geographically distributed infrastructure and adequate international system of industry regulation. Thus, under current conditions, the risks of implementing such projects considerably exceed their potential ecological benefits.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>водород</kwd>
        <kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd>
        <kwd>углеводороды</kwd>
        <kwd>топливно-энергетический комплекс</kwd>
        <kwd>глобальная энергетика</kwd>
        <kwd>возобновляемые источники энергии</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hydrogen</kwd>
        <kwd>sustainability</kwd>
        <kwd>hydrocarbons</kwd>
        <kwd>fuel and energy sector</kwd>
        <kwd>global power generation sector</kwd>
        <kwd>renewable energy sources</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
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  <body/>
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