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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/pmi.2020.3.357</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13501</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Электромеханика и машиностроение</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Electromechanics and mechanical engineering</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Multi-terminal dc grid overall control with modular multilevel converters</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Система управления магистральной линией электропередачи постоянного тока с модульными многоуровневыми преобразователями</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Jiménez Carrizosa</surname>
            <given-names>Miguel </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Хименес Карризоса</surname>
              <given-names>М. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Jiménez Carrizosa</surname>
              <given-names>Miguel </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>miguel.jimenezcarrizosa@upm.es</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8703-8276</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Центр Энергетики Мадридский политехнический университет (Мадрид, Испания)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Centro de Electrónica Industrial, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Madrid, Spain)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Stankovic</surname>
            <given-names>Nikola </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Станкович</surname>
              <given-names>Н. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Stankovic</surname>
              <given-names>Nikola </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>nikola.stankovic@edf.fr</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Электрисите́ де Франс (Париж, Франция)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Electricité de France (EDF) (Paris, France)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Vannier</surname>
            <given-names>Jean-Claude </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ванье</surname>
              <given-names>Ж.-К. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Vannier</surname>
              <given-names>Jean-Claude </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>jean-claude.vannier@centralesupelec.fr</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Высшая школа электрики (Париж, Франция)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Department of Power &amp; Energy Systems of CentraleSupélec (Paris, France)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Shklyarskiy</surname>
            <given-names>Yaroslav E.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Шклярский</surname>
              <given-names>Я. Э.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Shklyarskiy</surname>
              <given-names>Yaroslav E.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>Shklyarskiy_YaE@pers.spmi.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8803-9898</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Bardanov</surname>
            <given-names>Aleksei I.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Барданов</surname>
              <given-names>А. И.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Bardanov</surname>
              <given-names>Aleksei I.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>Bardanov_AI@pers.spmi.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5817-5458</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff5">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский Горный Университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-30">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>243</volume>
      <fpage>357</fpage>
      <lpage>370</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-15">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-15">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2020-06-30">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2020 М.  Хименес Карризоса, Н.  Станкович, Ж.-К.  Ванье, Я. Э. Шклярский, А. И. Барданов</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2020 Miguel  Jiménez Carrizosa, Nikola  Stankovic, Jean-Claude  Vannier, Yaroslav E. Shklyarskiy, Aleksei I. Bardanov</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">М.  Хименес Карризоса, Н.  Станкович, Ж.-К.  Ванье, Я. Э. Шклярский, А. И. Барданов</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miguel  Jiménez Carrizosa, Nikola  Stankovic, Jean-Claude  Vannier, Yaroslav E. Shklyarskiy, Aleksei I. Bardanov</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13501">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13501</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В статье представлена философия построения систем управления магистральными линиями электропередачи постоянного тока, входящими в состав сетей переменного тока. Такие линии электропередачи по сравнению с магистральными линиями электропередачи переменного тока обладают лучшей пропускной способностью и обеспечивают меньшие потери напряжения на больших расстояниях электропередачи. Это особенно актуально в условиях разработки полезных ископаемых российского севера и арктического шельфа. В этих регионах России энергосистема не развита, поэтому для присоединения технологических комплексов к ЕЭС требуются линии электропередачи большой протяженности. Для управления магистральной линией электропередачи постоянного тока предлагается многоуровневая система управления, разделенная на локальный, первичный и вторичный уровни управления, подчиненные друг другу по иерархическому принципу. Предлагаемая стратегия управления была опробована на масштабированной модели магистральной линии электропередачи постоянного тока с тремя присоединениями к сети переменного тока. Одно из указанных присоединений реализовано на основе модульного многоуровневого преобразователя (ММП), включающего пять подмодулей на плечо. Рассматривается метод построения оптимальных контуров регулирования переменного и циркулирующего токов ММП на основе недавно предложенной математической модели преобразователя. Два остальных присоединения реализованы на основе трехуровневых сетевых инверторов, работающих в режиме источника напряжения (ИИН). Для управления ими используется новый вариант настройки ПИ-регуляторов, позволяющий адаптировать значения пропорционального и интегрального коэффициентов регулятора по отношению к измеряемым переменным. Для управления системой на первичном уровне выбрана методика статического регулирования. Для регулирования на вторичном уровне предлагается новый метод формирования потока мощности. В рамках проверки надежности предлагаемой стратегии управления вся система испытывалась как в нормальном режиме, так и при наличии возмущений.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This paper presents a control philosophy for multiterminal DC grids, which are embedded in the main AC grid. DC transmission lines maintain higher power flow at longer distances compared with AC lines. The voltage losses are also much lower. DC power transmission is good option for Russian north. Arctic seashore regions of Russia don't have well developed electrical infrastructure therefore power line lengths are significant there. Considering above it is possible to use DC grids for supply mining enterprises in Arctic regions (offshore drilling platforms for example). Three different control layers are presented in an hierarchical way: local, primary and secondary. This whole control strategy is veriﬁed in a scaled three-nodes DC grid. In one of these nodes, a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is implemented (ﬁve sub-modules per arm). A novel model-based optimization method to control AC and circulating currents is discussed. In the remaining nodes, three-level voltage source converters (VSC) are installed. For their local controllers, a new variant for classical PI controllers are used, which allow to adapt the values of the PI parameters with respect to the measured variables. Concerning the primary control, droop control technique has been chosen. Regarding secondary level, a new power ﬂow technique is suggested. Unbalance conditions are also veriﬁed in order to show the robustness of the whole control strategy.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>модульный многоуровневый преобразователь</kwd>
        <kwd>вставка постоянного тока</kwd>
        <kwd>формирование потока мощности</kwd>
        <kwd>сетевые инверторы</kwd>
        <kwd>линии постоянного тока</kwd>
        <kwd>статическое регулирование</kwd>
        <kwd>многоуровневое регулирование</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>MMC</kwd>
        <kwd>MT-HVDC grid</kwd>
        <kwd>local control</kwd>
        <kwd>DC connection</kwd>
        <kwd>power flow calculation</kwd>
        <kwd>voltage source inverters</kwd>
        <kwd>droop control</kwd>
        <kwd>hierarchical control</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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