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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/PMI.2020.1.11</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13443</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13443</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Металлургия и обогащение</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Metallurgy and concentration</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of jarosite precipitation on iron balance in heap bioleaching  at Monywa copper mine</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Влияние осаждения ярозита на баланс железа  при кучном биологическом выщелачивании на медном руднике Монива</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Soe</surname>
            <given-names>Kyaw M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Соэ</surname>
              <given-names>К. M.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Soe</surname>
              <given-names>Kyaw M.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>kyaw@ipe.ac.cn</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2500-5102</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Ключевая лаборатория экологических процессов и инженерии Китайской академии наук, Институт проектирования технологических процессов, Китайская академия наук (Мьянма)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Myanmar)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ruan</surname>
            <given-names>Renman </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Руан</surname>
              <given-names>Р. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Ruan</surname>
              <given-names>Renman </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>rmruan@ipe.ac.cn</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6304-2644</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Ключевая лаборатория экологических процессов и инженерии Китайской академии наук, Институт проектирования технологических процессов, Китайская академия наук (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Jia</surname>
            <given-names>Yan </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Цзя</surname>
              <given-names>Я. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Jia</surname>
              <given-names>Yan </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>yjia@ipe.ac.cn</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8477-9725</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Ключевая лаборатория экологических процессов и инженерии Китайской академии наук, Институт проектирования технологических процессов, Китайская академия наук (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Tan</surname>
            <given-names>Qiaoyi </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Тан</surname>
              <given-names>Ц. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tan</surname>
              <given-names>Qiaoyi </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>qytan@ipe.ac.cn</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7513-9205</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Ключевая лаборатория экологических процессов и инженерии Китайской академии наук, Институт проектирования технологических процессов, Китайская академия наук (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Wang</surname>
            <given-names>Zhentang </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ван</surname>
              <given-names>Ч. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Wang</surname>
              <given-names>Zhentang </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>wzt@emytcl.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6307-9962</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff5">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Wanbao Mining Ltd (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Wanbao Mining Ltd (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Shi</surname>
            <given-names>Jianfeng </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ши</surname>
              <given-names>Ц. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Shi</surname>
              <given-names>Jianfeng </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>sjf@wbmining.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6990-5586</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff6">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Wanbao Mining Ltd (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Wanbao Mining Ltd (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Zhong</surname>
            <given-names>Chuangang </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Чжонг</surname>
              <given-names>Ч. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Zhong</surname>
              <given-names>Chuangang </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>zhongchg@wbmining.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3892-8085</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff7">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Wanbao Mining Ltd (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Wanbao Mining Ltd (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Sun</surname>
            <given-names>Heyun </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Сун</surname>
              <given-names>Х. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Sun</surname>
              <given-names>Heyun </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>sunhy@ipe.ac.cn</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9090-4780</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff8">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Государственная ключевая лаборатория биохимической инженерии, Институт проектирования технологических процессов, Китайская академия наук (Китай)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-26">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>247</volume>
      <fpage>102</fpage>
      <lpage>113</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-11-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2021-04-26">
          <day>26</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Kyaw M. Soe, Renman  Ruan, Yan  Jia, Qiaoyi  Tan, Zhentang  Wang, Jianfeng  Shi, Chuangang  Zhong, Heyun  Sun</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">К. M. Соэ, Р.  Руан, Я.  Цзя, Ц.  Тан, Ч.  Ван, Ц.  Ши, Ч.  Чжонг, Х.  Сун</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kyaw M. Soe, Renman  Ruan, Yan  Jia, Qiaoyi  Tan, Zhentang  Wang, Jianfeng  Shi, Chuangang  Zhong, Heyun  Sun</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13443">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13443</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Трехвалентное железо является важным окислителем при биологическом выщелачивании сульфидных руд. Однако рециркуляция выщелачивающих растворов приводит к избыточному накоплению железа, что мешает кинетике выщелачивания и последующему извлечению металла. Авторами статьи был разработан метод контроля осаждения железа в виде ярозита для уменьшения избытка железа при кучном биологическом выщелачивании на медном руднике Монива. Осаждение ярозита было сначала смоделировано, а затем подтверждено с помощью испытаний в колонках периодического действия. По результатам моделирования, минимальные значения pH для осаждения ярозита калия, гидрониум- и натроярозита при 25 °С составляют 1,4, 1,6 и 2,7 соответственно; минимальные концентрации ионов калия, сульфатов, железа и натрия при 25 °С и pH 1,23 составляют 1 моль/м3, 0,54, 1,1 и 3,2 кмоль/м3 соответственно. Колоночные эксперименты показывают, что осаждение ярозита калия является первостепенным по сравнению с осаждением натроярозита. Кроме того, понижение кислотности (с 12 до 8 г/л), повышение температуры (с 30 до 60 °С) и повышение концентрации ионов калия (с 0 до 5 г/л) увеличивают эффективность осаждения ярозита в 10, 5 и 6 раз соответственно. Наилучшие показатели осаждения ярозита достигаются при увеличении pH промывочного раствора до 1,6. Ожидается, что данный подход сократит эксплуатационные затраты на кучное биологическое выщелачивание за счет минимизации расхода химикатов на нейтрализацию, отсутствия необходимости в строительстве прудов-отстойников и повышения извлечения меди.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Ferric iron is an important oxidant in sulfide ore bioleaching. However, recirculating leach liquors leads to excess iron accumulation, which interferes with leaching kinetics and downstream metal recovery. We developed a method for controlling iron precipitation as jarosite to reduce excess iron in heap bioleaching at Monywa copper mine. Jarosite precipitation was first simulated and then confirmed using batch column tests. From the simulations, the minimum pH values for precipitation of potassium jarosite, hydronium jarosite, and natrojarosite at 25 °C are 1.4, 1.6, and 2.7, respectively; the minimum concentrations of potassium, sulfate, ferric, and sodium ions are 1 mM, 0.54, 1.1, and 3.2 M, respectively, at 25 °C and pH 1.23. Column tests indicate that potassium jarosite precipitation is preferential over natrojarosite. Moreover, decreased acidity (from 12 to 8 g/L), increased temperature (from 30 to 60 °C), and increased potassium ion concentration (from 0 to 5 g/L) increase jarosite precipitation efficiency by 10, 5, and 6 times, respectively. Jarosite precipitation is optimized by increasing the irrigating solution pH to 1.6. This approach is expected to reduce the operating cost of heap bioleaching by minimizing the chemicals needed for neutralization, avoiding the need for tailing pond construction, and increasing copper recovery.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>осаждение ярозита</kwd>
        <kwd>термодинамика</kwd>
        <kwd>колонное биологическое выщелачивание</kwd>
        <kwd>баланс железа</kwd>
        <kwd>медный рудник Монива</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>jarosite precipitation</kwd>
        <kwd>thermodynamics</kwd>
        <kwd>column bioleaching</kwd>
        <kwd>iron balance</kwd>
        <kwd>Monywa copper mine</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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