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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/PMI.2020.6.4</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13389</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13389</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Горное дело</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Mining</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Automated ventilation control in mines.  Challenges, state of the art, areas for improvement</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Автоматизированное управление вентиляцией шахт и рудников.  Проблемы, современный опыт, направления совершенствования</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Semin</surname>
            <given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Семин</surname>
              <given-names>М. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Semin</surname>
              <given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>seminma@inbox.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5200-7931</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт УрО РАН (Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Grishin</surname>
            <given-names>Evgenii L.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Гришин</surname>
              <given-names>Е. Л.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Grishin</surname>
              <given-names>Evgenii L.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>aeroevg@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1091-3976</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт УрО РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Levin</surname>
            <given-names>Lev Yu.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Левин</surname>
              <given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Levin</surname>
              <given-names>Lev Yu.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>aerolog_lev@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0767-9207</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт УрО РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Zaitsev</surname>
            <given-names>Artem V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Зайцев</surname>
              <given-names>А. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Zaitsev</surname>
              <given-names>Artem V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>aerolog.artem@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2314-0482</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт УрО РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-29">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>246</volume>
      <fpage>623</fpage>
      <lpage>632</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-05-26">
          <day>26</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-09-23">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2020-12-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Mikhail A. Semin, Evgenii L. Grishin, Lev Yu. Levin, Artem V. Zaitsev</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">М. А. Семин, Е. Л. Гришин, Л. Ю. Левин, А. В. Зайцев</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhail A. Semin, Evgenii L. Grishin, Lev Yu. Levin, Artem V. Zaitsev</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13389">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13389</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Статья разделена на три основные части. В первой части приводится обзор существующей литературы по теоретическим методам расчета оптимального воздухораспределения в шахтах по критериям энергоэффективности и обеспечения всех участков шахт требуемым количеством воздуха. Показано, что к текущему моменту времени имеется множество различных постановок задачи поиска оптимального воздухораспределения, разработано множество различных подходов и методов оптимизации воздухораспределения. Наиболее полно исследован случай одной (главной) вентиляторной установки, в то время как для множества вентиляторных установок ряд вопросов по-прежнему остается нерешенным. Вторая часть посвящена обзору существующих методов и примеров внедрения систем автоматизированного управления проветриванием на шахтах в России и за рубежом. Выделено две наиболее известные концепции разработки таких систем – системы автоматизированного управления проветриваниям (САУП) в России и странах СНГ и Ventilation on demand (VOD) за рубежом. Описаны основные стратегии управления вентиляцией в рамках концепций САУП и VOD, а также показаны ключевые различия между ними. Одним из ключевых различий между САУП и VOD на сегодня является автоматическое определение параметров работы вентиляторных установок и вентиляционных дверей с помощью алгоритма оптимального управления, являющегося составным элементом САУП. В третьей части статьи представлено описание алгоритма оптимального управления, разработанного коллективом Горного института Уральского отделения Российской академии наук при участии авторов статьи. В данном алгоритме поиск оптимального воздухораспределения осуществляется системой в полностью автоматизированном режиме в реальном времени с помощью алгоритмов, запрограммированных в микроконтроллеры вентиляторных установок и вентиляционных дверей. Минимизация энергопотребления достигается за счет наиболее эффективного подбора частот оборотов вентиляторных установок и степени открытия вентиляционных дверей, а также за счет посменного регулирования воздухораспределением и внедрения систем частичного повторного использования воздуха. Отмечено, что в настоящее время в имеющейся литературе слабо освещен вопрос, связанный с аварийными режимами работы систем вентиляции шахт и рудников, а также с адаптацией систем автоматизированного управления на произвольные варианты вскрытия, подготовки и систем разработки месторождений. По мнению авторов, дальнейшее развитие систем автоматизированного управления вентиляцией должно осуществляться, в частности, по этим двум направлениям.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The article is divided into three main parts. The first part provides an overview of the existing literature on theoretical methods for calculating the optimal air distribution in mines according to the criteria of energy efficiency and providing all sections of mines with the required amount of air. It is shown that by the current moment there are many different formulations of the problem of searching the optimal air distribution, many different approaches and methods for optimizing air distribution have been developed. The case of a single (main) fan is most fully investigated, while for many fans a number of issues still remain unresolved. The second part is devoted to the review of existing methods and examples of the automated mine ventilation control systems implementation in Russia and abroad. Two of the most well-known concepts for the development of such systems are automated ventilation control systems (AVCS) in Russia and the CIS countries and Ventilation on demand (VOD) abroad. The main strategies of ventilation management in the framework of the AVCS and VOD concepts are described and also the key differences between them are shown. One of the key differences between AVCS and VOD today is the automatic determination of the operation parameters of fan units and ventilation doors using the optimal control algorithm, which is an integral part of the AVCS. The third part of the article describes the optimal control algorithm developed by the team of the Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the participation of the authors of the article. In this algorithm, the search for optimal air distribution is carried out by the system in a fully automated mode in real time using algorithms programmed into the microcontrollers of fans and ventilation doors. Minimization of energy consumption is achieved due to the most efficient selection of the fan speed and the rate of ventilation doors opening and also due to the air distribution shift control and the partial air recirculation systems introduction. It is noted that currently the available literature poorly covers the issue related to emergency operation modes ventilation systems of mines and also with the adaptation of automated control systems to different mining methods. According to the authors, further development of automated ventilation control systems should be carried out, in particular, in these two areas.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>рудничная вентиляция</kwd>
        <kwd>воздухораспределение</kwd>
        <kwd>оптимальное управление</kwd>
        <kwd>автоматизированное управление</kwd>
        <kwd>вентиляция по требованию</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>mine ventilation</kwd>
        <kwd>air distribution</kwd>
        <kwd>optimal control</kwd>
        <kwd>automated control</kwd>
        <kwd>ventilation on demand</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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