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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/pmi.2019.3.291</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13197</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13197</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Горное дело</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Mining</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Technology of blasting of strong valuable ores with ring borehole pattern</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Технология взрывной отбойки крепких ценных руд при веерном расположении скважин</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Sokolov</surname>
            <given-names>I. V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Соколов</surname>
              <given-names>И. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Sokolov</surname>
              <given-names>I. V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>geotech@igduran.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7841-5319</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт горного дела УрО РАН (Екатеринбург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS (Ekaterinburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Smirnov</surname>
            <given-names>A. A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Смирнов</surname>
              <given-names>А. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Smirnov</surname>
              <given-names>A. A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>geotech@igduran.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8949-1525</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт горного дела УрО РАН (Екатеринбург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS (Ekaterinburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Rozhkov</surname>
            <given-names>A. A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Рожков</surname>
              <given-names>А. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rozhkov</surname>
              <given-names>A. A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>69artem@bk.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3007-1099</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт горного дела УрО РАН (Екатеринбург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS (Ekaterinburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>237</volume>
      <fpage>285</fpage>
      <lpage>291</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-12-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-03-22">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2019-06-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2019 И. В. Соколов, А. А. Смирнов, А. А. Рожков</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2019 I. V. Sokolov, A. A. Smirnov, A. A. Rozhkov</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">И. В. Соколов, А. А. Смирнов, А. А. Рожков</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">I. V. Sokolov, A. A. Smirnov, A. A. Rozhkov</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13197">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13197</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Для руд цветных и драгоценных металлов, представленных крепкими породами, характерен эффект сегрегации – склонность рудных минералов при разрушении концентрироваться в мелких классах руды, которые при подземном способе добычи в значительных количествах скапливаются на неровностях лежачего бока и впоследствии теряются. При добыче ценного нерудного сырья остро стоит проблема переизмельчения, когда мелочь попросту не отвечает требованиям к качеству конечного продукта. Общеизвестно, что гранулометрический состав руды в основном зависит от технологии и параметров буровзрывных работ (БВР). При подземной разработке рудных месторождений основным способом ведения БВР является скважинная отбойка зарядами сплошной конструкции при веерном расположении скважин. Основные недостатки способа: неравномерное распределение взрывчатого вещества (ВВ) по плоскости отбиваемого слоя и расходование значительной части энергии взрыва зарядов сплошной конструкции на бризантное воздействие, обязательно связанное с переизмельчением руды. Для решения данных проблем авторами предложена технология отбойки, сущность которой заключается в том, что равномерность распределения концентрации энергии ВВ в отбиваемом слое обеспечивается за счет рассредоточения зарядов воздушными промежутками и определенного порядка их размещения в плоскости расположения веера. Для практической реализации технологии разработан способ формирования рассредоточенных зарядов в восстающих глубоких скважинах, не требующий значительного роста трудозатрат и дополнительных специальных средств. Создана специальная методика, позволяющая определить параметры рассредоточения, обеспечивающие выдержанный удельный расход ВВ по всей плоскости отбиваемого слоя руды. Проведены экспериментальные исследования предложенной технологии в натурных условиях подземного рудника по добыче ценного гранулированного кварца. В результате установлена возможность значительного снижения удельного расхода ВВ (на 42 %). При этом выход кондиционного куска суммарно повысился на 10,7 %, причем выход наиболее благоприятной для дальнейшей переработки фракции увеличился на 33,7 %.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The ores of non-ferrous and precious metals, represented by hard rocks, has a peculiar feature, that is the effect of segregation, that is the tendency of ore minerals to break down into small size classes, which in the underground mining method accumulate in significant quantities on uneven surface of bottom layers and subsequently are lost. When mining valuable non-metallic materials, there is an acute problem of overgrinding, when fines do not meet the requirements for the quality of the final product. It is well known that the granulometric composition of the ore depends mainly on the technology and parameters of drilling and blasting operations. In underground mining of ore deposits, the main method of drilling and blasting is the borehole blasting with continuous construction charges with the ring pattern. The main drawbacks of the method are: uneven distribution of the explosive along the plane of the broken layer and the expenditure of a significant part of the blast energy of the charges of the continuous structure on the blasting effect, necessarily associated with over-grinding the ore. To solve these problems, the authors proposed a blasting technology, the essence of which lies in the fact that the uniform distribution of the energy concentration of explosives in the broken layer is ensured by the dispersion of charges by air gaps and a certain order of their placement in the ring plane. For the practical implementation of the technology, a method has been developed to form dispersed charges in deep boreholes that do not require a significant increase in labor costs and additional special means. A special technique has been created that allows defining the dispersion parameters, ensuring the sustained specific consumption of explosives over the entire plane of the broken layer. Experimental studies of the proposed technology in the natural conditions of an underground mine for the extraction of valuable granulated quartz were carried out. As a result, the possibility of a significant reduction in the specific consumption of explosives (by 42 %) has been established. At the same time, the yield of the commercial product increased by 10.7 % in total, and the yield of the fraction most favorable for further processing increased by 33.7 %.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>сегрегация</kwd>
        <kwd>взрывная  отбойка</kwd>
        <kwd>дробление</kwd>
        <kwd>рассредоточенный  заряд</kwd>
        <kwd>веер  скважин</kwd>
        <kwd>воздушный промежуток</kwd>
        <kwd>удельный расход ВВ</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>segregation</kwd>
        <kwd>explosive blasting</kwd>
        <kwd>crushing</kwd>
        <kwd>dispersed charge</kwd>
        <kwd>ring pattern</kwd>
        <kwd>air gap</kwd>
        <kwd>specific consumption of explosives</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках  Госзадания No 075-00581-19-00. Тема No 0405-2019-0005</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The studies were performed in the framework of the State order number 075-00581-19-00. Theme N0405-2019-0005</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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