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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/pmi.2019.3.274</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-13194</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13194</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Горное дело</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Mining</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Improving methods of frozen wall state prediction for mine shafts under construction using distributed temperature measurements in test wells</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Совершенствование методов прогнозирования состояния ледопородного ограждения строящихся шахтных стволов с использованием распределенных измерений температуры в контрольных скважинах</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Levin</surname>
            <given-names>L. Yu.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Левин</surname>
              <given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Levin</surname>
              <given-names>L. Yu.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>aerolog_lev@mail.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт Уральского отделения РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the RAS (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Semin</surname>
            <given-names>M. A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Семин</surname>
              <given-names>М. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Semin</surname>
              <given-names>M. A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>mishkasemin@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт Уральского отделения РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the RAS (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Parshakov</surname>
            <given-names>O. S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Паршаков</surname>
              <given-names>О. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Parshakov</surname>
              <given-names>O. S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>olegparshakov@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Горный институт Уральского отделения РАН (Пермь, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the RAS (Perm, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>237</volume>
      <fpage>268</fpage>
      <lpage>274</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-01-11">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-03-17">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2019-06-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2019 Л. Ю. Левин, М. А. Семин, О. С. Паршаков</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2019 L. Yu. Levin, M. A. Semin, O. S. Parshakov</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Л. Ю. Левин, М. А. Семин, О. С. Паршаков</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">L. Yu. Levin, M. A. Semin, O. S. Parshakov</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13194">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/13194</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Освоение месторождений, залегающих в сложных геологических и гидрогеологических условиях, часто связано с необходимостью применения специальных способов проходки шахтных стволов. Наиболее надежным и универсальным способом проходки стволов является искусственное замораживание горных пород – создание ледопородного ограждения вокруг запроектированной горной выработки. Под защитой искусственно созданного сооружения в дальнейшем ведутся горнопроходческие работы. При этом проходка подземных горных выработок разрешается только после образования замкнутого замороженного контура проектной толщины. Кроме того, за состоянием замораживаемых горных пород должен быть организован систематический контроль. Опыт строительства рудников в сложных гидрогеологических условиях способом искусственного замораживания показывает, что современные технологии точечных и распределенных измерений температуры горных пород в контрольных скважинах не позволяют установить фактические параметры ледопородного ограждения. Современные теоретические модели и методы расчета теплового режима породного массива при его искусственном замораживании также не позволяют получить корректный прогноз параметров ледопородного ограждения в случае высокой погрешности исходных данных модели. В работе предлагается система контроля, которая осуществляет синтез экспериментальных измерений и теоретических расчетов параметров ледопородного ограждения. Такой подход позволяет провести сравнение измеренных в экспериментах и теоретически рассчитанных температур породного массива в контрольных скважинах и вычислить рассогласование между ними. На основании рассогласования температур уточняются параметры математической модели замораживаемого породного массива. Уточнение модельных параметров осуществляется посредством постановки обратной задачи Стефана, ее регуляризации и дальнейшего численного решения.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Development of mineral deposits under complex geological and hydrogeological conditions is often associated with the need to utilize specific approaches to mine shaft construction. The most reliable and universally applicable method of shaft sinking is artificial rock freezing – creation of a frozen wall around the designed mine shaft. Protected by this artificial construction, further mining operations take place. Notably, mining operations are permitted only after a closed-loop frozen section of specified thickness is formed. Beside that, on-line monitoring over the state of frozen rock mass must be organized. The practice of mine construction under complex hydrogeological conditions by means of artificial freezing demonstrates that modern technologies of point-by-point and distributed temperature measurements in test wells do not detect actual frozen wall parameters. Neither do current theoretical models and calculation methods of rock mass thermal behavior under artificial freezing provide an adequate forecast of frozen wall characteristics, if the input data has poor accuracy. The study proposes a monitoring system, which combines test measurements and theoretical calculations of frozen wall parameters. This approach allows to compare experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated rock mass temperatures in test wells and to assess the difference. Basing on this temperature difference, parameters of the mathematical model get adjusted by stating an inverse Stefan problem, its regularization and subsequent numerical solution.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>ледопородное ограждение</kwd>
        <kwd>породный массив</kwd>
        <kwd>искусственное замораживание пород</kwd>
        <kwd>температурное поле</kwd>
        <kwd>шахтный  ствол</kwd>
        <kwd>оптоволоконный кабель</kwd>
        <kwd>контрольные скважины</kwd>
        <kwd>замораживающие колонки</kwd>
        <kwd>система контроля</kwd>
        <kwd>задача Стефана</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>frozen wall</kwd>
        <kwd>rock mass</kwd>
        <kwd>artificial ground freezing</kwd>
        <kwd>temperature field</kwd>
        <kwd>mine shaft</kwd>
        <kwd>fiber optic cable</kwd>
        <kwd>test wells</kwd>
        <kwd>freezing columns</kwd>
        <kwd>monitoring system</kwd>
        <kwd>Stefan problem</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках научного проекта No17-11-01204.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study has been carried out with financial support from Russian Science Foundation in the framework of research project N17-11-01204.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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</article>
