The article addresses the actual tasks of the course "Russian Language and Culture of Speech" in the system of professional training of a non-philologist. The introduction of the discipline "Russian language and culture of speech" as a compulsory course for all specialties of higher education institutions is considered as one of the aspects of the state language policy. The aims and objectives of the course are determined on the basis of the requirements set for this discipline by the state educational standard. The structure of the course includes basic and integrative content modules, which makes it possible to build training taking into account the specifics of communicative tasks that future specialists will face in the sphere of professional activity.